Q: What is a variant virus and what does it mean for us?
A: When a virus replicates, it makes mistakes, sort of like a typo. These mistakes are common and create mutations in the viral genetic pattern that can lead to changes in the viral proteins. When the proteins are altered enough to make the virus appear different to our immune system, this is considered a variant virus. We see these changes frequently with other viruses, including influenza virus and HIV.
Q: What coronavirus variants have been found?
A: For SARS CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, we are seeing variant strains of the virus emerge in different parts of the world. Some of these major variants are accounting for surges in infection rates in the United Kingdom (strain B.1.1.7), South Africa (strain 501Y.V2 or 1.351), and Brazil (strain P.1).
Q: Will the vaccine protect against infection with variant viruses?
A: Scientists believe that our current vaccines will be protective against infection from variant strains of SARS CoV-2. A recent small study suggests that the vaccine produces stronger immunity against variants than does natural infection (having COVID infection).
Q: What can we do to limit the development and spread of SARS CoV-2 variants?
A: Safe behaviors: The same measures we know limit the spread of SARS CoV-2 –wearing masks, distancing from other people, handwashing, staying home when you have any signs of illness, following quarantine and isolation guidance—will continue to be vitally important for limiting the spread of variant viruses.
SARS CoV-2 vaccination: The sooner we are able to get people vaccinated against SARS CoV-2, the more people will be protected from the virus. The less chance the virus has to replicate, the less chance it will have to develop mutations and create new variants.
Courtesy of Prevea/ HSHS Infectious Disease
